Glossary

Concepts in plain language

Short definitions of the formats, tags, and terms behind the tools — written for people meeting them for the first time.

A defined way for programs to talk to each other.

A way to represent binary data as plain text.

The preferred address for a page that exists at several URLs.

Markup that links language or region versions of a page.

A lightweight, text-based format for structured data.

A signed, self-contained token carrying claims.

A label that tells software what kind of file something is.

Meta tags that control how a link looks when shared.

A square barcode that stores data in two dimensions.

A file that tells crawlers which paths they may request.

A cryptographic hash that produces a 256-bit fingerprint.

A file listing a site’s URLs to help crawlers find them.

A 128-bit identifier that is unique without a central authority.

A tag-based markup language for structured documents and data.

A human-friendly format often used for configuration.